General

XCircuit starting version 2.3.2 uses GNU automake to configure the system.The automake script, in addition to the usual search for OS compatibility,looks for the following things:

XCircuit: Quick Start The frames version of the XCircuit website has a number of menu items down the left side. This page is accessed from the 'Welcome' menu button. If you are looking to download the latest release, choose 'Downloads'. For compile and install instructions, choose 'Install'. For online tutorials, go to 'Tutorial'.

• Presence of python. XCircuit uses an embedded Python interpreter, so it is necessary to have a library and include files, not just a python executable. You may need to get the Python source and compile. Note that XCircuit will work fine without the Python interpreter: most of the functionality is duplicated in an ad-hoc command 'language', mostly for setting options, changing key bindings, etc. Scripts using this ad-hoc language, however, will not be able to interact with internal objects. Python scripts can do much more, including extending the xcircuit command set and running animations.
• Presence of xpm. XPM is usually installed on modern UNIX flavors, especially Linux. XCircuit will work fine without XPM enhancements, but will lose the toolbar and icon.

GNU automake is preferred. Use the original Imake only if the GNUmake is not working properly.

In addition, compilation from source is always preferred toinstallation of a precompiled executable (such as an RPM file).Compilation from source allows GNU autoconf to tailor xcircuit tothe abilities of your system, as described above.

• Xcircuit is distributed under the Artistic License. Installation Installation of xcircuit may be accomplished by way of either source code or an RPM package. For RPM systems, simply download the RPM version of xcircuit, become root, and install the package as follows: #rpm -i xcircuit-2.0a11-1.i386.rpm.
• XCircuit is a UNIX/X11 (and Windows, or Windows using Cygwin and the Cygwin X-Server) program for drawing publishable-quality electrical circuit schematic diagrams and related figures, and produce circuit netlists through schematic capture. XCircuit regards circuits as inherently hierarchical, and writes both hierarchical PostScript output.
• Pre-compiled XCircuit packages Major Distributions Mac OS X XCircuit will compile under the UNIX/X11-based Macintosh OS X. However, there are two packaged versions which should make installation a cinch. The most recent and preferred version is located at MacPorts: MacPorts XCircuit. This has links to dependencies, including (most importantly.
• Circuit simulation is a way of building and testing virtual models of electronic devices. It is usually cheaper and quicker to simulate a design than to build a prototype. MacSpice requires a text-file description of the circuit as input. This 'netlist' is a list of components and the nodes they connect to. Users may prepare netlists with a.

Installation preparation

1. Download xcircuit from the xcircuit download page. XCircuit source comes in either tar.gz or tar.bz2 formats.
2. Uncompress with, as appropriate,
3. Untar the archive file with
4. The result of the above steps is a directory named xcircuit-version containing the source.
5. Follow the GNU automake instructions, below. If automake fails, revert to the original imake style.

GNU Compile and Install (preferred)

GNU automake is intended to greatly simplify the process of program installationby querying the OS for detailed information on its capabilities. In most cases,the following should work without a hitch:For default configuration, the xcircuit install process must be runas root user, so the process can access the /usr/local/directory tree for installation. GNU install puts the xcircuitexecutable into /usr/local/bin/ and files it needs on startup in/usr/local/share/xcircuit-version/

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.

GNU Configure Options

All compile-time features are set during the ./configure process. Runfor a list of configure options. For most users, the relevantoptions are the following:

--prefix=PREFIX

Location to install xcircuit. Defaults to /usr/local/. The executable goes to /usr/local/bin/, man pages to /usr/local/man/man1/, and everything else to /usr/local/share/xcircuit-VERSION/. Defaults can be separated by explicitly declaring --exec-prefix=DIR, --mandir=DIR, and --libdir=DIR.

--disable-lgf

Save space by not compiling the compatibility with 'analog' and 'diglog' .lgf-format files.

--disable-schema

Don't compile the schematic capture system. This is a major feature of xcircuit, so disabling it is not recommended. However, you may do so if you anticipate having no need for circuit netlists.

--with-python=DIR

If the configure step cannot find a Python interpreter, it can be explicitly referenced. Requires the Python library (libpythonVERSION.a or libpythonVERSION.so) and the python include file Python.h. The Python option uses the Python language as an interpreter for xcircuit.

--with-xpm=DIR

If the configure step cannot find the XPM package, it can be explicitly referenced. The XPM package enables the toolbar and an icon when xcircuit is iconified.

--with-gs=DIR

If the configure step cannot find ghostscript, it can be explicitly referenced. The Ghostscript option allows any PostScript file to be rendered on the xcircuit background and saved with the xcircuit file.

--disable-double-buffer

This option is almost wholly deprecated due to the speed of modern processors. However, if you have problems with slow rendering, you might find it useful.

--disable-focus-fix

Don't attempt to work around broken window managers. Normally this option should not be tampered with, but odd behavior regarding capture of key events in the xcircuit window may require it.

Note for HP users: The original HP 'm4' processor cannot handlethe man page translation. If available, use GNU m4 by changing the configuremethod above to the following:

M4=path-to-GNU-m4./configure[options]

Imake Compile and Install (if GNU make fails)

Imake Options

1. All compile-time features are set from within Imakefile. Be sure to reference Imakefile first if you have difficulties compiling.
2. Decide where you want xcircuit and its library files to reside, and set XCIRCUIT_LIB_DIR, XCIRCUIT_MAN_DIR, and XCIRCUIT_BIN_DIR accordingly. The default path is '/usr/local/lib/xcircuit-2.2/'.
3. It should not be necessary to change CC, CCOPTIONS, or CDEBUGFLAGS for Linux systems, unless you encounter problems during compiling.
4. DEC Alpha systems: Add '-taso' to CCOPTIONS to get the compiler to make necessary changes to deal with 64-bit addressing. It may also be necessary to add the '-D' flag.
5. The XCircuit Imakefile defaults to defining 'HAVE_PYTHON'. However, this assumes several things: That Python 2.1 is installed on the system, that it is installed in /usr/local/, and that the Python include files have been installed. This is all true for a standard installation from Python source, but not necessarily for a pre-installed Python. If you don't want to use the Python interpreter, you can undefine HAVE_PYTHON in the Imakefile. If you have Python, but it's a different version or installed in a different place, make appropriate changes to the definitions in the Imakefile. PYTHON_LIB_DIR is the directory where the library file 'libpython2.1.a' (or equivalent, depending on the version) has been installed. PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR is the directory containing all of Python's .h files, but must at least contain 'Python.h'.

   The Python library preferably should be built as a shared (.so) library. See the section 'Shared Python Library' below.

6. Anyone using xcircuit for drawing purposes only (no schematic capture wanted) may undefine SCHEMA in the Imakefile. If you're not sure, leave it alone.
7. By default, the Imakefile assumes that your system has xpm (pixmaps); if you don't, or you get error messages about no include file 'xpm.h' found, then delete the line '#define HAVE_XPM' from the Imakefile and recompile. The only thing you will be missing is the color icon.

The makefile should automatically install the application defaultsfile 'XCircuit.ad' in /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/XCircuit.

The makefile should also automatically install the man page in(depending on the Imake configuration) /usr/local/man/man1/xcircuit.1x.

If the program is extremely slow in rendering the screen or if thesystem tends to swap during program execution, you may need toundefine DO_BUFFER in the Imakefile. Clean, no-flicker renderingis made possible by drawing on a Pixmap and then doing a quick copyfrom the Pixmap to the screen. Depending on the default screendepth (usually 8 or 16 bits) and the window size, the Pixmap can takea MB of memory or more. Systems with too little memory or systemswithout a video card with Bit-BLT (block transfers) can erase allthe gains of graphics buffering. Xcircuit will operate fine withoutbuffering, but the screen will flicker every time there is a refresh;consequently, without buffering the system is designed not to refreshas often, and there will be more 'pixel trash' on the screen. It isexpected that under these conditions the user will simply use thespace bar to refresh the screen as needed.

Embedded Python Interpreter

The one option most likely to be missing from default Linux/UNIXdistributions is the library and include files for the Pythoninterpreter.

XCircuit compile, if using Python, requires Python source,not the executable. If you need/want to install or update Python onyour system, be sure to download the source, not, for instance, anRPM package with executable only.

Obtaining Python

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Python source can be obtained from the Python.org official website. The actual download is on the ftp sitePython 2.1 FTP directory. Current download (July 2001) isPython-2.1.tgz.

Shared Python Library

The XCircuit build will be *much* smaller if you have a sharedpython library. However, the build instructions as of Python-2.1c2don't include instructions for building a shared library under linux.Here's how you do it:

1. In the Makefile: set
2. Also in the Makefile: Add a case for libpython$(VERSION).so which looks exactly like the case statement for unixware:
3. Make until error ('can't find libpython2.1.so')
4. Copy or move libpython2.1.so to /usr/local/lib or /usr/lib
5. Run (as root!) (or use the directory where you just put the shared library) and confirm that it found libpython2.1.so.
6. Finish (should run to normal completion).

On my system, this is the difference between a 4MB xcircuit executableand a 1.5MB executable. That's a big difference! Of course, Pythonpurists would say I should be embedding xcircuit in python, not theother way around, then what need do I have for a shared library,anyway?

Back to the xcircuit home page. . .

email: tim@bach.ece.jhu.edu

XCircuit is a schematic drawing tool targeted at producing nice publishable schematic captures

XCircuit is a design tool that allows you to create electric circuit models and takes advantage of the PostScript language in order to save the files for publishing. It is a useful tool for the users who need to create circuit designs or other 2D schematics.

You can use this tool to create complex circuits by starting with basic drawing elements such as lines, circles and rectangles. You can join, rotate and flip objects in order to create the desired circuit design and export it to a PostScript file.

An important feature is the ability to build and reuse the circuit elements by storing them into a library. Immediately after the installation you can take advantage of the included library to quickly create models and customize the database with new models.

The program is optimized for quick operations and supports multiple keyboard shortcuts or “macros” for inserting shapes and editing the circuit model. Thus, operations such as rotating or flipping an object can be performed with one keystroke.

As most schematics require annotations and text notes, the XCircuit application provides you with multiple text formatting settings. You have the option to insert special characters and format the text as subscript which comes in handy when explaining certain components.

After getting used to the interface and the keyboard macros, the application is easy to use and requires insignificant resources when creating schematics. Although it does not include an extensive documentation, you can read the online tutorials and use the sample files to get started.

If you are looking for a program that can create schematics and other designs, XCircuit is a reliable alternative. Even if you are not building electric circuit models, the program’s tools are flexible enough to be used for other designs.

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XCircuit was reviewed by Sorin Cirneala

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